Could You Be Caught in a Botnet? Protect Your Business from Hidden Cyber Attacks

Botnet Protection: Lessons from the PRC-Linked Botnet Advisory

A joint cybersecurity advisory co-authored by government cybersecurity authorities in 5 countries including the US and Canada, revealed the existence of a massive botnet linked to the People’s Republic of China (PRC). As of June 2024, the network was comprised of over 260,000 devices globally but has been actively controlled and managed by Integrity Technology Group, a PRC-based company since mid-2021.

Victim devices have been discovered in North and South America, Europe, Africa, Asia and Australia. In its creation, threat actors took advantage of vulnerabilities in Internet-connected devices, like small office/home office (SOHO) routers, firewalls, and Internet of Things (IoT) devices, many of which were still using default passwords. The botnet allowed threat actors to conceal their identities while using the network for Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks, and to compromise targeted networks.

Purpose of the Joint Cybersecurity Advisory

Three goals of the advisory include:

• Highlight the threat posed by the botnet activity.
• Encourage exposed device vendors, owners, and operators to update and secure their devices.
• Allow cyber security companies to use the information to identify and reduce the number of devices present in botnets around the globe.

This alarming scenario serves as a reminder of why businesses, regardless of size, must take cybersecurity seriously.

What is a Botnet and How Does It Work?

A botnet (from “robot” and “network”) is an interconnected group of hijacked devices infected with malware, giving cybercriminals control over them. These infected devices—often ordinary items like routers, webcams, or other IoT devices—are linked together, forming an army of "bots". While that may sound like something out of a b-movie, it is a very real threat that can be used for malicious purposes such as:

• Spreading malware
• Performing DDoS attacks
• Sending email spam
• Stealing sensitive information

 

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What are IoT (Internet of Things) Devices?

IoT (Internet of Things) devices are everyday objects that connect to the internet to send and receive data. Examples include smart home gadgets like thermostats, cameras, and appliances. These devices automate tasks and provide remote control but can also pose security risks if not protected with strong passwords and regular updates. Proper network segmentation helps keep these devices secure.

 

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What is a DDos Attack?

DDoS (Distributed Denial of Service) attacks overwhelm a network or server with excessive traffic from multiple sources, causing it to slow down or crash. Imagine trying to walk through a door, but a huge crowd rushes in at the same time, blocking your way. That’s what happens during a DDoS attack—legitimate users can’t get through because of the traffic overload. Hackers use a botnet (a network of compromised devices) to flood the target with requests, making the service unavailable to users. These attacks can disrupt business operations and compromise system security if defenses are not in place.

 

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What Indicates a Device Is Part of a Botnet?

How can you tell if your device could be part of a botnet? Some indicators include:

• Slow performance
• Slower than usual Internet
• Unusual network activity
• Frequent crashes
• Unexpected pop-ups or ads
• High CPU and/or memory (RAM) usage with no discernable reason

How Does Being in a Botnet Impact Your Business?

Businesses that unknowingly have devices in a botnet face serious risks. A compromised device could be used as part of a DDoS attack on another network, leading to potential legal and financial liabilities. Worse, the malware within these devices can act as a gateway for cybercriminals to infiltrate more critical areas of your network, including sensitive business data or customer information. Even a small business could become an unwitting participant in a larger attack, risking its reputation and security.

Protect Yourself from the Threat of Botnet Activity

Thankfully, there are steps businesses can take to safeguard their networks from botnets and other cyber threats. The recent advisory highlights several key actions that every organization should follow:

1) Network Segmentation: Think of your network as a series of walled-off areas within your business. By keeping sensitive systems separate from less critical devices, like IoT, you can limit the impact of a compromised device. For example, keeping your smart refrigerator on a separate network from your customer database ensures that even if one is compromised, the other remains secure.

 

2) Patches and Updates: Cybercriminals often exploit vulnerabilities in outdated software or firmware. Regular patching and updates fix these weaknesses, making it harder for attackers to gain access. It’s like reinforcing the locks on your doors—keeping your defenses updated is critical to stopping break-ins.

 

3) Replace Default Passwords: Many devices come with a factory-set password, like “admin” or “password123.” Leaving these in place is like leaving your house key under the doormat—anyone can find it. Always change default passwords to something complex, unique, and secure.

 

4) Planned Reboots: Some malware, like the type used in this botnet, exists only in a device's memory. A simple reboot can disrupt these processes and eliminate the malware. Setting regular reboots is a quick way to clear out any potential intrusions.

 

5) Lifecycle Monitoring for EOL Devices: Devices that have reached the end of their life (EOL) are no longer supported by the manufacturer with security updates. These older devices can become gateways for attackers. Regularly assess your equipment and replace any EOL devices with newer, supported models.

 

What Businesses Can Learn from This Advisory

The botnet advisory linked to the PRC is a wake-up call for businesses of all sizes. Cybercriminals often target low-hanging fruit—devices with weak passwords, outdated software, and poor security practices. By taking basic cybersecurity steps, businesses can greatly reduce their risk of being pulled into a botnet or becoming the target of more serious attacks.

Conclusion: Take Action Now!

To protect your business from botnets and other cyber threats, it’s essential to implement these basic cybersecurity measures. Don’t wait until a breach occurs to strengthen your defenses—being proactive will not only protect your business but also help secure the broader digital landscape. For comprehensive security assessments or assistance with patching, segmentation, and more, contact allCare IT today. We’ll help safeguard your business from cyber threats, giving you peace of mind.